FRANKENSTEIN, CARL

FRANKENSTEIN, CARL (1905–1990), Israeli psychologist and educator. Born in Berlin, he founded the Aid Society for Jewish Scientists, Artists, and Writers in Germany in 1928. Settling in Palestine in 1935, Frankenstein worked as probation officer of the Mandatory government until 1946. From 1948 to 1953 he was director of the Henrietta Szold Institute for Child Welfare, where he also founded and edited the education quarterly, Megammot. In 1951 Frankenstein began to teach at the Hebrew University first as a lecturer and later as professor of special education. He served on many government, municipal, and other public committees dealing with problems of welfare and education. In 1968 he was awarded the Israel Prize for education. He wrote books and essays in Hebrew, English, and German on depth psychology, juvenile delinquency, poverty, and impaired intelligence, including Azuvat ha-No'ar ("Neglected Youth," 1947), Psychopathy (1959), Persoenlichkeitswandel durch Fuersorge, Erziehung und Therapie (1964), The Roots of the Ego (1966), Psychodynamics of Externalization (1968), Varieties of Juvenile Delinquency (1970), They Think Again: Restoring Cognitive Abilities through Teaching (1981), and Between Philosophy and Psychotherapy (1987). -BIBLIOGRAPHY: Megammot, 14 (1966), nos. 1–3 (articles on the occasion of Frankenstein's 60th birthday; in Hebrew, with English summaries). (Zvi Lamm)